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Título: | A 3D-Printed Ceramics Innovative Firing Technique: A Numerical and Experimental Study | Autor: | Santos, Tiago Ramani, Melinda Devesa, Susana Batista, Catarina Franco, Margarida Duarte, Isabel Catarina Costa, Luís Ferreira, Nelson Alves, Nuno Pascoal-Faria, Paula |
Palavras-chave: | 3D printing; ceramics; stoneware; numerical analysis; sintering technology; microwave firing | Data: | 15-Set-2023 | Editora: | MDPI | Projeto: | This work was financially supported by the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC) through the following projects: UIDB/04044/2020; UIDP/04044/2020; Associate Laboratory ARISE LA/P/0112/2020; INOV.AM – Inovação em Fabricação Aditiva, PRR project 02-C05-i01.01-2022.PC644865234-00000004; and Stimuli2BioScaffold—Stimuli modelling for BioScaffolds: from numerical modelling to in vitro tests PTDC/EMESIS/32554/2017, co-financed by COMPETE2020 under the PT2020 programme and MATIS (CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000014-3362). | Título da revista, periódico, livro ou evento: | Materials | Volume: | 16 | Número: | 18 | Resumo: | Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as three-dimensional (3D) printing, allows the fabrication of complex parts, which are impossible or very expensive to produce using traditional processes. That is the case for dinnerware and artworks (stoneware, porcelain and clay-based products). After the piece is formed, the greenware is fired at high temperatures so that these pieces gain its mechanical strength and aesthetics. The conventional (gas or resistive heating elements) firing usually requires long heating cycles, presently requiring around 10 h to reach temperatures as high as 1200 °C. Searching for faster processes, 3D-printed stoneware were fired using microwave (MW) radiation. The pieces were fired within 10% of the conventional processing time. The temperature were controlled using a pyrometer and monitored using Process Temperature Control Rings (PTCRs). An error of 1.25% was calculated between the PTCR (1207 ± 15 °C) and the pyrometer (1200 °C). Microwave-fast-fired pieces show similar mechanical strength to the references and to the electrically fast-fired pieces (41, 46 and 34 (N/mm2), respectively), presenting aesthetic features closer to the reference. Total porosities of ~4%, ~5% and ~9% were determined for microwave, electrically fast-fired and reference samples. Numerical studies have shown to be essential to better understand and improve the firing process using microwave radiation. In summary, microwave heating can be employed as an alternative to stoneware conventional firing methods, not compromising the quality and features of the processed pieces, and with gains in the heating time. | URI: | https://hdl.handle.net/10316/111928 | ISSN: | 1996-1944 | DOI: | 10.3390/ma16186236 | Direitos: | openAccess |
Aparece nas coleções: | FCTUC Eng.Mecânica - Artigos em Revistas Internacionais I&D CEMMPRE - Artigos em Revistas Internacionais |
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Ficheiro | Descrição | Tamanho | Formato | |
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A-3DPrinted-Ceramics-Innovative-Firing-Technique-A-Numerical-and-Experimental-StudyMaterials.pdf | 9.09 MB | Adobe PDF | Ver/Abrir |
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