Molecular characterization of patients sensitized to aeroallergens with rhinitis and asthma

Abstract

Background: A sensibilização a aeroalergénios é importante em doentes com rinite alérgica e asma. Objetivo: investigar a prevalência de sensibilização a IgE específicos.Métodos: Frequências e percentagens de positividade a IgE específicos de aeroalergénios foram analisadas em 993 doentes com asma e/ ou rinite. Os perfis de sensibilização molecular a Der p1, Der p2, Der p10, Phl p1, Phl p5, Phl p7, Phl p12, Ole e1, Ole e7, Ole e9 e Par j2 foram estudados em 303 doentes.Resultados: Num total de 993 doentes (63.9% com rinite e 356.1% com asma), as percentagens de sensibilização a IgE específicas foram de 78% a ácaros, 44% a pólenes de gramíneas, 14% a oliveira, 9% a Parietaria e 3% a Alternaria. Doentes asmáticos tiveram maior sensibilização a ácaros (p=0.001) e doentes com rinite a pólenes de gramíneas (p=0.044). A positividade observada a Der p1 foi de 54.7%, a Der p2 de 66.7%, a Der p10 de 14.7%, a Phl p1 de 72.2%, a Phl p5b de 38.9%, a Phl p7 de 13.0% e a Phl p12 de 21.1%. Sensibilização exclusiva a alergénios específicos de espécie, isto é, Phl p1 e/ou Phl p5 e/ou Ole e1 foi de 38.2%.Conclusões: O principal aeroalergénio molecular identificado na nossa amostra foi o Phl p1. A positividade a Der p2 foi superior a Der p1. Desta forma, o conhecimento dos perfis de sensibilização molecular contribui para um melhor diagnóstico e escolha da imunoterapia com alergénios. .

Background: Sensitization to aeroallergens is important in patients with allergic rhinitis and asthma. Aim: investigate the prevalence of specific IgE sensitization.Methods: Frequency and rates of positivity of specific IgE to aeroallergens were analysed in 993 sensitized patients with asthma and/or rhinitis. The molecular sensitization profile to Der p1, Der p2, Der p10, Phl p1, Phl p5, Phl p7, Phl p12, Ole e1, Ole e7, Ole e9 and Par j2 was studied in 303 patients.Results: From 993 patients (63.9% had rhinitis, 36.1% had asthma), specifc IgE sensitization rates were 78% to mites, 44% to grass pollens, 14% to olive, 9% to Parietaria and 3% to Alternaria. Asthmatic patients had higher sensitization to house dust mites (p=0.001) and patients with rhinitis to grass pollens (p=0.044). Positivity to Der p1 was 54.7%, to Der p2 66.7%, to Der p10 14.7%, to Phl p1 72.2%, to Phl p5b 38.9%, to Phl p7 13.0% and to Phl p12 21.1%. Sensitization exclusively to species allergens Phl p1 and/or Phl p5 and/or Ole e1 was 38.2%.Conclusions: Phl p1 was the main molecular aeroallergen and Der p2 had a higher positivity rate than Der p1. Knowing molecular sensitization profiles contributes to better diagnosing and selection of allergen immunotherapy. .