Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10316/100845
Title: High-speed machining tool-steel chips as an outstanding raw material for indirect additive manufacturing?
Authors: Santos, R.F.
Farinha, A. R. 
Rocha, R.
Batista, C.
Costa Rodrigues, G.
Vieira, M. T. 
Keywords: Additive manufacturing; Grain-refinement; Nanocrystalline; t-EBSD; Tool-steel chip
Issue Date: 2021
Project: Add.Additive – AddAdditive Manufacturing to Portuguese Industry grant number POCI–01- 0247-FEDER-024533), 
Add.Powder (grant number 39910) 
FCT grant number UIDB/00285/2020 
Centro 20 - PAMI–ROTEIRO/0328/2013 (no. 022158) 
project QREN MaisCentro MT4MOBI – Materials and Technologies for Greener Manufacturing & Products Applied to Mobility 
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB/04044/2020/PT/Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development 
Serial title, monograph or event: Results in Materials
Volume: 11
Abstract: Sustainable recycling approaches are emerging topics for environmental safety of manufacturing technologies. Chips generated in high–speed machining (HSM) of as-quenched steels have a potential re-use for more sustainable and cost-efficient manufacturing routes, such as powder production from chip milling for additive manufacturing (AM). The objective of this study was to characterise tool-steel chips generated by HSM of an AISISAE H13 as-quenched workpiece and evaluate their potential use for powder production, as an alternative process to atomisation. Microhardness tests reveal that this type of waste has a suitable hardness for milling, which could be attributed to its microstructure. Chips were also analysed by X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopies, and transmission electron backscattering diffraction (t-EBSD) mapping. The microstructure of the areas adjacent to the adiabatic shear band (ASB), where intense material flow takes place, consists of thin martensite laths with high dislocation density and low angle grain boundaries (LAGB) or subgrain regions. ASB consists of ultrafine and nanocrystalline grains. The results provide new insight on the grain-refining mechanism assisted by progressive martensite lath subdivision into small and near-equiaxed grains, as a direct result of intense strain accumulation and recrystallisation, endorsing HSM tool-steel chips as superior (nanocrystalline) and low-cost raw material for powder production.
URI: https://hdl.handle.net/10316/100845
ISSN: 2590048X
DOI: 10.1016/j.rinma.2021.100207
Rights: openAccess
Appears in Collections:I&D CEMMPRE - Artigos em Revistas Internacionais

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